ANALISIS KONSTRUKSI AKAD SMART CARD DALAM PERSPEKTIF FIQIH MU’AMALAH

(Studi Komprehensif Implementasi Financial Technology di SMANU 1 Gresik)

Abstract

The development of financial technology in the digital era has fundamentally transformed the economic transaction instruments used by the public, including within educational institutions. Since September 30, 2015, SMANU 1 Gresik has implemented a smart card-based cashless payment system known simply as the "Smart Card." This study aims to analyze, in a structured and in-depth manner: (1) the operational practices and procedural workflow of Smart Card usage at SMANU 1 Gresik; (2) the Islamic legal perspective regarding the mandatory ownership and use of the Smart Card for the school community; and (3) the fiqh muamalah (Islamic commercial law) contracts embedded within the Smart Card transaction process. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, gathering data through direct observation, in-depth interviews with administrators and the school community, and transaction documentation. The results indicate that Smart Card operations involve four integrated components: Deposit, Self-Service Kiosks, Canteens (Ma'arif Mart & Nusa Mart), and Financial Administration. The school's policy mandating card ownership is viewed as a form of taysir (facilitation) and maslahah mursalah (public interest) aimed at ensuring order and efficiency. From the perspective of fiqh muamalah, Smart Card transactions validly and harmoniously integrate three primary contracts: Wadi'ah Yad Adh-Dhamanah (custodianship of deposit funds), Al-Bai' (sale and purchase of consumer goods via mu'athah or mutual exchange without explicit verbal offer and acceptance), and Kafalah (guarantee of payment by the school to canteen operators). This research offers theoretical and practical implications for the development of Sharia-compliant financial instruments within educational institutions.